İngilizce · İleri yapılar · B1–B2
must be / might be / can't be Tahmin bildiren modallar
Kanıta dayalı tahmin: must (kesin gibi), might/may/could (olabilir), can't (olamaz). Geçmiş için must have, might have, can't have + V3.
Ne zaman kullanılır?
- must = neredeyse eminim (evet): She's been working all day. She must be tired.
- might / may / could = olabilir: He might be at the gym.
- can't = neredeyse eminim (hayır): That can't be true! (Bu anlamda mustn't kullanılmaz.)
- Geçmiş için: modal + have + V3: You must have been tired. They might have missed the bus. He can't have seen us.
- should have + V3 = yapmalıydın (pişmanlık, eleştiri): You should have told me.
Yapı
| Şimdi, kesin gibi | must + be / fiil | He must be at home. |
|---|---|---|
| Şimdi, olasılık | might / may / could + fiil | It might rain. |
| Şimdi, imkânsız | can't + be / fiil | She can't be 50! |
| Geçmiş | must/might/can't + have + V3 | I must have left it on the bus. |
Örnekler
- The lights are off. They must be asleep.Işıklar kapalı. Uyuyor olmalılar.
- I'm not sure where Ali is. He could be in the library.Ali nerede bilmiyorum. Kütüphanede olabilir.
- You can't be hungry, you've just eaten!Aç olamazsın, daha yeni yedin!
- I can't find my keys. I must have dropped them.Anahtarlarımı bulamıyorum. Düşürmüş olmalıyım.
- You should have left earlier.Daha erken çıkmalıydın.
Sık yapılan hatalar
- ✗ He mustn't be at home, the car is gone.✓ He can't be at home, the car is gone.Olumsuz tahminde can't kullanılır.
- ✗ She must has forgotten.✓ She must have forgotten.Modal + have + V3.
- ✗ They might missed the train.✓ They might have missed the train.Geçmiş tahmin: might have + V3.