İngilizce · Cümle yapıları · B1
Reported Speech Dolaylı Anlatım
Başkasının sözlerini aktarırken zamanlar genellikle bir adım geçmişe kaydırılır.
Ne zaman kullanılır?
- Aktarma fiili geçmişteyse (said, told) zaman bir adım geriye gider.
- Zaman ve yer ifadeleri değişir: now → then, today → that day, tomorrow → the next day, here → there.
- Soru aktarırken düz cümle sırası kullanılır: He asked where I lived.
İpucu kelimeler: said, told, asked, explained, wanted to know
Yapı
| Present Simple → Past Simple | "I like it." → She said she liked it. | |
|---|---|---|
| Present Continuous → Past Continuous | "I'm working." → He said he was working. | |
| Past Simple / Present Perfect → Past Perfect | "I've finished." → She said she had finished. | |
| will → would | "I'll call you." → He said he would call me. | |
| can → could, must → had to | "I can swim." → She said she could swim. | |
| Evet/hayır sorusu | "Are you OK?" → He asked if I was OK. | |
| Emir | "Sit down." → She told me to sit down. |
Örnekler
- "I'm tired," she said. → She said (that) she was tired.Yorgun olduğunu söyledi.
- "Where do you work?" → He asked me where I worked.Nerede çalıştığımı sordu.
- "Don't be late." → My boss told me not to be late.Patronum geç kalmamamı söyledi.
Sık yapılan hatalar
- ✗ He asked me where did I live.✓ He asked me where I lived.Aktarılan soruda düz cümle sırası kullanılır.
- ✗ She said me that...✓ She told me that... / She said that...Tell kişi alır (told me), say almaz.